1. Jin H, Seo JH, Uhm YK, Jung CY, Lee SK, Yim SV: Pharmacokinetic comparison of ginsenoside metabolite IH-901 from fermented and non-fermented ginseng in healthy Korean volunteers. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jan 31;139(2):664-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.052. Epub 2011 Dec 9. [PubMed:22178175 ]
  2. Chen Y, Lu Y, Yang Y, Chen X, Zhu L, Zhong D: Determination of ginsenoside compound K in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of lithium adducts. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2015 Sep;5(5):461-6. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.06.003. Epub 2015 Aug 19. [PubMed:26579476 ]
  3. Choi ID, Ryu JH, Lee DE, Lee MH, Shim JJ, Ahn YT, Sim JH, Huh CS, Shim WS, Yim SV, Chung EK, Lee KT: Enhanced Absorption Study of Ginsenoside Compound K (20-O-beta-(D-Glucopyranosyl)-20(S)-protopanaxadiol) after Oral Administration of Fermented Red Ginseng Extract (HYFRG) in Healthy Korean Volunteers and Rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:3908142. doi: 10.1155/2016/3908142. Epub 2016 Jul 19. [PubMed:27516803 ]
  4. Fukami H, Ueda T, Matsuoka N: Pharmacokinetic Study of Compound K in Japanese Subjects After Ingestion of Panax ginseng Fermented by Lactobacillus paracasei A221 Reveals Significant Increase of Absorption into Blood. J Med Food. 2019 Mar;22(3):257-263. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4271. Epub 2018 Dec 13. [PubMed:30543483 ]
  5. Kim JK, Choi MS, Jeung W, Ra J, Yoo HH, Kim DH: Effects of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides Rd, Rg3, F2, and compound K in healthy volunteers treated orally with red ginseng. J Ginseng Res. 2020 Jul;44(4):611-618. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.05.012. Epub 2019 Jun 5. [PubMed:32617041 ]