Intervention Studies for the metabolite (-)-Epicatechin 4'-O-sulfate with food phytochemical (-)-Epicatechin
| Food Phytochemical | Metabolite | Species | Biofluids | Origin | Dietary Source Description | Dietary Source Classification | Total Number of Subjects | Description of Population | Ingested Amount | Single/Multiple Dose | Duration of the Study | Tmax (h) | Cmax (nM) | AUC (nM/h) | Time covered by AUC (h) | t 1/2 (h) | % of 24h Urinary Excretion | Excreted Amount & Time Interval | Publications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (-)-Epicatechin | (-)-Epicatechin 4'-O-sulfate | Human | Plasma; Urine | Host metabolism | 100 g of 70 % dark chocolate | Food | 5 | Healthy; Age=23.4±3.3 y; BMI=22±2 kg/m2 | 154 mg | Single | 3,5±0,3 (SEM) | 11±3 (SEM) | 66 | (0-24h) | 4,10±0,9 (SEM) | 0,1 | 0.56±0,13 µmol (SEM) ((0-24h)) | Publications |