Intervention Studies for the metabolite N-Methylpyridinium with food phytochemical N-Methylpyridinium

Food Phytochemical	Metabolite	Species	Biofluids	Origin	Dietary Source Description	Dietary Source Classification	Total Number of Subjects	Description of Population	Ingested Amount	Single/Multiple Dose	Duration of the Study	Tmax (h)	Cmax (nM)	AUC (nM/h)	Time covered by AUC (h)	t 1/2 (h)	% of 24h Urinary Excretion	Excreted Amount & Time Interval	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35mL coffee	food	10	Healthy; M	592.28 µmol	Multiple	1 month (one morning dose)	4.9±0.55 (SEM)	1.39±0.28 (SEM)	15.23	0-24h		14.32	84.78±9.24 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35mL coffee	food	11	Healthy; F	592.28 µmol	Multiple	1 month (one morning dose)	4±0.47 (SEM)	1.19±0.24 (SEM)	14.34	0-24h		10.83	64.16±5.12 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	105 mL coffee	food	10	Healthy; M	1776.83 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 morning dose, 1 dose at 12 am, 1 dose at 3 pm)	6.4±2.05 (SEM)	1.14±0.23 (SEM)	12.14	0-24h		9.77	173.52±19.4 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	105 mL coffee	food	11	Healthy; F	1776.83 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 morning dose, 1 dose at 12 am, 1 dose at 3 pm)	4.14±0.51 (SEM)	1.22±0.12 (SEM)	15.81	0-24h		9.28	164.92±11.38 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35 mL coffe + 2 cocoa products	food	10	Healthy; M	617.3 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 coffe at 9 am, 1 cocoa product at 12 am, 1 cocoa product at 3 pm)	8±2.71 (SEM)	1.34±0.22 (SEM)	13.52	0-24h		35.89	221.52±14.12 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35 mL coffe + 2 cocoa products	food	11	Healthy; F	617.3 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 coffe at 9 am, 1 cocoa product at 12 am, 1 cocoa product at 3 pm)	4.3±0.35 (SEM)	1.33±0.2 (SEM)	17.82	0-24h		33.10	204.33±21.54 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35mL coffee	food	8	Healthy; Smokers	592.28 µmol	Multiple	1 month (one morning dose)	4±0.42 (SEM)	1.24±0.32 (SEM)	15.9	0-24h		10.69	63.29±6.63 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35mL coffee	food	13	Healthy; Non-smokers	592.28 µmol	Multiple	1 month (one morning dose)	4.69±0.52 (SEM)	1.31±0.22 (SEM)	14.32	0-24h		13.60	80.56±7.53 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	105 mL coffee	food	8	Healthy; Smokers	1776.83 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 morning dose, 1 dose at 12 am, 1 dose at 3 pm)	4.19±0.55 (SEM)	1.26±0.23 (SEM)	16.07	0-24h		9.64	171.33±6.22 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	105 mL coffee	food	13	Healthy; Non-smokers	1776.83 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 morning dose, 1 dose at 12 am, 1 dose at 3 pm)	5.85±1.6 (SEM)	1.13±0.15 (SEM)	12.83	0-24h		9.43	167.59±17.22 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35 mL coffe + 2 cocoa products	food	8	Healthy; Smokers	617.3 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 coffe at 9 am, 1 cocoa product at 12 am, 1 cocoa product at 3 pm)	3.86±0.24 (SEM)	1.48±0.31 (SEM)	19.19	0-24h		30.13	185.98±27.71 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	35 mL coffe + 2 cocoa products	food	13	Healthy; Non-smokers	617.3 µmol	Multiple	1 month (1 coffe at 9 am, 1 cocoa product at 12 am, 1 cocoa product at 3 pm)	7.38±2.09 (SEM)	1.26±0.14 (SEM)	13.78	0-24h		37.07	228.84±10.88 µmol (SEM) (0-24h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	350 mL coffee	food	6	Healthy; F (age 24-28 y)	1005.96 µmol	Single		1.67	777±13.9 (SD)	3330	0-8h	2.15	61.90±12.20 (SD)	106620±19.7 nmol (SD) (0-8h)	Publications
N-Methylpyridinium	N-Methylpyridinium	Human	Plasma; Urine	Unchanged	350 mL coffee	food	7	Healthy; M (age 27-30 y)	1005.96 µmol	Single		1.05	804±28.7 (SD)	3049	0-8h	2.35	69.10±6.20 (SD)	118830±8.9 nmol (SD) (0-8h)	Publications