Publications for the metabolite 5-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-gamma-valerolactone with food phytochemical Procyanidin dimer B2

1. Appeldoorn MM, Vincken JP, Aura AM, Hollman PC, Gruppen H: Procyanidin dimers are metabolized by human microbiota with 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid and 5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-gamma-valerolactone as the major metabolites. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Feb 11;57(3):1084-92. doi: 10.1021/jf803059z. [PubMed:19191673 ]
2. Stoupi S, Williamson G, Drynan JW, Barron D, Clifford MN: Procyanidin B2 catabolism by human fecal microflora: partial characterization of 'dimeric' intermediates. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2010 Sep 1;501(1):73-8. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.02.009. Epub 2010 Feb 25. [PubMed:20188693 ]