Intervention Studies for the metabolite Caffeine with food phytochemical Caffeine
| Food Phytochemical | Metabolite | Species | Biofluids | Origin | Dietary Source Description | Dietary Source Classification | Total Number of Subjects | Description of Population | Ingested Amount | Single/Multiple Dose | Duration of the Study | Tmax (h) | Cmax (nM) | AUC (nM/h) | Time covered by AUC (h) | t 1/2 (h) | % of 24h Urinary Excretion | Excreted Amount & Time Interval | Publications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 82 g chocolate candy | food | 7 | Healthy; 3 M; 4 F; Age= 35 y | 442 mg | Single | 2,00 | 1,5±(0.81–2.19) (CI) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 25 g of cocoa dissolved in 200 mL semi-skimmed milk | food | 13 | Healthy; 3 M; 10 F; Age= 29.6 ± 4.2 y; BMI 22.9 ± 0.6 kg/m² | 256 mg | Single | 2,00±1,1 (SD) | 12,1±2,6 (SD) | 58,2 | (0-8h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 15 g of cocoa dissolved in 200 mL semi-skimmed milk | food | 13 | Healthy; 3 M; 10 F; Age= 29.6 ± 4.2 y; BMI 22.9 ± 0.6 kg/m² | 94,35 mg | Single | 2,10±2 (SD) | 2,1±1,3 (SD) | 10,8 | (0-8h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | 600 mL of coffee | food | 9 | Healthy; 4 M; 5 F; Age= 20.5 ± 6.3 y | 0,01445 g/Kg bw | Single | 0,74±0,4 (SD) | 7019.7µg±3760,4 (0-24h) (SD) ((0-24h)) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 2 g Nescafe Gold Blend in 200 ml water and 600 g of lightly steamed cabbage | food | 4 | Healthy; M | 60 mg | Single | 0,34 | 2,25±0,1 (SD) | 3,21 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 1 g Nescafe Gold Blend in 100 ml water and 400 g of lightly steamed cabbage | food | 6 | Healthy; 3 M; 3 F | 30 mg | Single | 0,40 | 1,45±0,65 (SD) | 3,4 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 1 g Nescafe Gold Blend in 100 ml water | food | 6 | Healthy; 3 M; 3 F | 30 mg | Single | 0,46 | 1,18±0,23 (SD) | 3,96 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 2 g Nescafe Gold Blend in 200 ml water | food | 4 | Healthy; M | 60 mg | Single | 0,43 | 1,85±0,5 (SD) | 3,96 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 350 mL of coffee beverage | food | 13 | Healthy; 6 F (Age = 24–28 y); 7 M (Age= 27–30 y) | 224 mg | Single | 1,00 | 32926±7488 (SD) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | 480 mg of green coffee bean extract in water | extract | 15 | Healthy; M | 60 mg | Single | 0,75 | 1,91±0,88 (SD) | 6,35 | (0-4h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | beverage | extract | 12 | Healthy; M; Age= 24.33 y | 200 mg | Single | 1,00 | 3,95±1,03 (SD) | 647,25 | (0-4h) | 5,68 | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 3.5 g green–roasted coffee beverage (250 mL) | food | 12 | Healthy; 7 M; 5 F; Age= 28.3 ± 0.7 y; BMI 22.9 ± 0.7 kg/m² | 70,809 mg | Single | 1,21±0,5 (SD) | 10,5±2,42 (SD) | 69,71 | (0-12h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | guayusa leaf beverage | extract | 12 | Healthy; M; Age= 24.33 y | 200 mg | Single | 0,79 | 4,13±1,13 (SD) | 709,25 | (0-4h) | 4,73 | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 50 mL of mocha coffee | food | 4 | Healthy;M; Age= 26-36 y | 107,8 mg | Single | 977 | (0-24h) | 5 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | 600 mL of Coca-cola | food | 9 | Healthy; 4 M; 5 F; Age= 20.5 ± 6.3 y | 0,00225 g/Kg bw | Single | 0,74±0,37 (SD) | 1129.8µg±625,9 (0-24h) (SD) ((0-24h)) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 800 mL beverage | food | 7 | Healthy; 3 M; 4 F; Age= 35 y | 72 mg | Single | 2,00 | 1,57±(0.74–2.40) (CI) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | 600 mL of tea | food | 9 | Healthy; 4 M; 5 F; Age= 20.5 ± 6.3 y | 0,01006 g/Kg bw | Single | 0,91±0,46 (SD) | 5907.1µg±2768,4 (0-24h) (SD) ((0-24h)) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | gelatine capsules + 100 mL water | pure compound | 5 | 300 mg | Single | 1,10±0,3 (SD) | 3.16mg±0,8 (0-48h) (SD) ((0-48h)) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | gelatine capsules + 100 mL water | pure compound | 5 | 50 mg | Single | 3,50±5,5 (SD) | 1.72±2,74 mg (SD) ((0-48h)) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | gelatine capsules + 100 mL water | pure compound | 5 | 500 mg | Single | 1,20±0,8 (SD) | 5.95mg±3,75 (0-48h) (SD) ((0-48h)) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | gelatine capsules + 100 mL water | pure compound | 5 | 750 mg | Single | 1,10±0,4 (SD) | 12.45mg±9,02 (0-48h) (SD) ((0-48h)) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | gelatin capsules with water | pure compound | 107 | Healthy; 52 M; 55 F; Age= 22 ± 3 y; Spanish | 300 mg | Single | 1,40±0,07 (SEM) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma; Urine | Unchanged | 70 mL of acqueous solution | pure compound | 4 | Healthy;M; Age= 26-36 y | 350 mg | Single | 5164 | (0-24h) | 6,3 | 1,20±0,2 (SEM) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | dissolved in 200 mL water | pure compound | 5 | Healthy; Age= 69.6±2.3 y; caucasians | 0,005 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,93±0,57 (SD) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma; Urine | Unchanged | pure compound | 24 | Healthy; 12 M; 12 F | 300 mg | Multiple | 3 days (3 daily doses) | 1,12±0,44 (SD) | 3,77±1,41 (SD) | 31,64 | (0-24h) | 4,49 | 2,08±1,71 (SD) | Publications | ||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Urine | Unchanged | dissolved in 200 mL water | pure compound | 7 | Healthy; age 22.2±4.0 y; caucasians | 0,005 g/Kg bw | Single | 2,35±2,05 (SD) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma; Urine | Unchanged | tablets | pure compound | 8 | Healthy; M; Age= 27 y | 200 mg | Single | 2,00 | 30 | 1,00 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine in 150 mL water | pure compound | 4 | Healthy; non-insomniac M; age 34.7±6.3 y; BMI 24.0±1.8 kg/m² | 140 mg | Single | 0,50 | 7,29±2,6 (SD) | 3,81±0,1 (SD) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | dissolved in 250 ml of saccharine sweetened lemonade | pure compound | 3 | Healthy; M; Age= 20.3±0.6 y; lean (<15% body fat) | 0,00583 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,17 | 6,47±1,41 (SD) | 3046 | (0-inf) | 2,59±0,21 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | dissolved in 250 ml of saccharine sweetened lemonade | pure compound | 3 | Healthy; M; Age= 20.7±2.9 y; obese (>30% body fat) | 0,00583 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,03 | 6,2±1,05 (SD) | 2909 | (0-inf) | 4,37±0,42 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 250 mL water | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; 5 M; 7 F; Age= 28.8±6.6 y | 250 mg | Single | 0,65±0,09 (SEM) | 7±0,5 (SEM) | 3,94±0,5 (SEM) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | pure compound | 5 | Healthy; 4 F; 1 M; Smokers; Age= 30±9 y | 0,004 g/Kg bw | Single | 4±0,6 (SEM) | Publications | ||||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 250 mL water | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; 5 M; 7 F; Age= 28.8±6.6 y | 500 mg | Single | 0,50±0,06 (SEM) | 17,3±1,4 (SEM) | 4,74±0,6 (SEM) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | pure compound | 8 | 100 mg | Single | 1,20±0,4 (SEM) | 1589±202 (SEM) | 11105 | (0-inf) | 5,3±0,6 (SEM) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 325 mg citrated caffeine (Lilly) + 100 mt water | pure compound | 9 | Healthy; F; Age= 26±1 y | 162 mg | Single | 0,79±0,11 (SEM) | 4,09±0,24 (SEM) | 5,37±0,62 (SEM) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 100 mL water | pure compound | 8 | Healthy; F; Age= 22.8±0.73 y | 0,006 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,68±0,25 (SEM) | 49,8±2,21 (SEM) | 114,5 | (0-inf) | 7,19±0,69 (SEM) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | caffeine-citrate solution | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; M; Age= 24-39 y | 220 mg | Single | 0,80±0,4 (CI) | 4,09±0,86 (SD) | 20,6 | (0-inf) | 2,9±0,7 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | gelatin capsules | pure compound | 4 | Healthy; F | 200 mg | Single | 1,00 | 5,05±1,49 (SD) | 50,8 | (0-inf) | 5,6±0,7 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine in 150 mL water | pure compound | 4 | Healthy; insomniac M; Age= 38.7±6.7 y; BMI 27.9±4.9 kg/m² | 140 mg | Single | 0,50 | 9,1±2,87 (SD) | 7,17±0,7 (SD) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 100 mL water | pure compound | 8 | Healthy; F; Age= 22.8±0.73 y ; In follicular phase | 0,006 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,75±0,41 (SEM) | 48±1,43 (SEM) | 116,1 | (0-inf) | 7,22±0,71 (SEM) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 100 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M; Age= 25.8±1.72 y | 0,006 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,83±0,17 (SEM) | 40,3±2,9 (SEM) | 81,5 | (0-inf) | 5,7±0,75 (SEM) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | pure compound | 5 | Healthy; 4 F; 1 M; Nonsmokers; Age= 25±1 y | 0,004 g/Kg bw | Single | 6,8±0,8 (SEM) | Publications | ||||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 200 mL water | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; Age= 18–35 y | 500 mg | Single | 2,22±0,26 (SEM) | 11,5±0,8 (SEM) | 127,8 | (0-8h) | 7±0,9 (SEM) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 100 mL water | pure compound | 8 | Healthy; F; Age= 22.8±0.73 y ; In luteal phase | 0,006 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,60±0,34 (SEM) | 49,4±2,8 (SEM) | 117,4 | (0-inf) | 7,06±0,9 (SEM) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 200 mL water | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; Age= 18–35 y | 250 mg | Single | 1,46±0,21 (SEM) | 5,2±0,5 (SEM) | 59,6 | (0-8h) | 7,7±0,9 (SEM) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | caffeine-citrate solution | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; M; Age= 24-39 y | 220 mg | Single | 0,70±0,3 (CI) | 4,49±1,29 (SD) | 22,4 | (0-inf) | 3,4±0,9 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 100 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; 5 M; 1 F; Age= 24±3 y | 250 mg | Single | 1,08 | 7,3±1,77 (SD) | 3,1±1 (SD) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 100 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; 5 F; 1 M; Age= 31±12 y | 250 mg | Single | 1,46 | 7,25±1,87 (SD) | 4,875±1 (SD) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | caffeine-citrate solution | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; M; Age= 24-39 y | 220 mg | Single | 0,70±0,3 (CI) | 3,9±0,7 (SD) | 22,6 | (0-inf) | 3,3±1,3 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | gelatin capsules + 150 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M; Age= 19-21 y | 270 mg | Single | 4,1±1,3 (SD) | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | gelatin capsules | pure compound | 7 | Healthy; M | 200 mg | Single | 1,00 | 4,22±0,92 (SD) | 34,6 | (0-inf) | 5±1,3 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | dissolved in 100 ml of sugarless lemonade | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; F in follicular phase; Age= 23.5±4.7 y | 300 mg | Single | 1,73±0,46 (SD) | 7,23±1,78 (SD) | 84,7 | (0-24h) | 6,63±1,72 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | with 120 mL water | pure compound | 8 | Healthy; M (age 20-37 y) | 350 mg | Single | 1,30±0,2 (SEM) | 7,06±0,39 (SEM) | 44,08 | (0-24h) | 4,65±1,81 (SEM) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | dissolved in 100 ml of sugarless lemonade | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; F in luteal phase; Age= 23.5±4.7 y | 300 mg | Single | 1,94±0,87 (SD) | 6,86±1,61 (SD) | 83 | (0-24h) | 6,99±1,87 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | tablet | pure compound | 30 | Healthy; M; Age= 24.± 4.7 y ; European (15); South Asian (15); BMI= 26.9±3 kg/m² | 100 mg | Single | 1,00 | 1,5±0,5 (SD) | 14,1 | (0-24h) | 5,5±1,9 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | gelatin capsules | pure compound | 14 | Healthy; 7 M; 7 F; Age= 22-39 y | 200 mg | Single | 0,91 | 4,82±1,08 (SD) | 51,2 | (0-inf) | 6,3±3,5 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | NoDoz® caplets + 180 mL water | pure compound | 15 | 200 mg | Single | 1,20±0,68 (SD) | 4,96±0,83 (SD) | 48,7 | (0-inf) | 6,1±3,55 (SD) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine tablets + 240 mL water | pure compound | 28 | Healthy; Age= 18–60 y; BMI ≤ 35 kg/m² | 200 mg | Single | 5,79±1,54 (SD) | 3,35±1,01 (SD) | 65,64 | (0-inf) | 10,19±9,1 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 150 mL water + multiples doses quercetin capsules | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M; homozygous for the CYP1A2∗1C/∗1F (GG/AA) genotype; Chinese | 100 mg | Single | 1,00±(0.5, 1.5) (CI) | 18,3±(14.2, 22.3) (CI) | 77,6 | (0-24h) | 4,5±(3.4-6.6) (CI) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 150 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M; homozygous for the CYP1A2∗1C/∗1F (GG/AA) genotype; chinese | 100 mg | Single | 1,50±(0.5, 2.0) (CI) | 19,8±(13.6, 30.0) (CI) | 85,1 | (0-24h) | 4,5±(3.4-6.7) (CI) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsules with 150 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M; heterozygous for the CYP1A2∗1C/∗1F (GA/CA)genotype; chinese | 100 mg | Single | 1,00±(0.5, 2.5) (CI) | 16,6±(12.6, 20.5) (CI) | 121,9 | (0-24h) | 4,1±(3.6-4.5) (CI) | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | dissolved in 150 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; smoker; M | 0,002 g/Kg bw | Single | 0,48±0,48 | 3,5±0,5 (SEM) | 3,16 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 190 mL of soft drink containing caffeine | pure compound | 4 | Healthy; M; Age= 26-36 y | 15,4 mg | Single | 170 | (0-24h) | 3,4 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | tablets in 100 mL water | pure compound | 9 | Healthy; Age= 20-35 y | 200 mg | Single | 0,80±0,12 (SEM) | 3,36±0,17 (SEM) | 23,46 | (0-12h) | 3,46 | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | tablets in 100 mL water | pure compound | 9 | Healthy; Age= 20-35 y | 400 mg | Single | 0,62±0,12 (SEM) | 7,4±0,81 (SEM) | 46,12 | (0-12h) | 3,67 | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | pure compound | 1 | 0,005 g/Kg bw | Single | 61,6 | (0-26 h) | 4,02 | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | pure compound | 1 | 0,005 g/Kg bw | Single | 60,8 | (0-26 h) | 4,07 | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 70 mL of acqueous solution | pure compound | 4 | Healthy;M; Age= 26-36 y | 70 mg | Single | 544 | (0-24h) | 4,2 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 200 mg tablets | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M | 183 mg | Multiple | 7 days (one daily dose for 5 days) | 0,83 | 4,72 | 24,9 | (0-24h) | 4,2 | Publications | ||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | pure compound | 1 | 0,005 g/Kg bw | Single | 66,1 | (0-26 h) | 4,24 | Publications | |||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | dissolved in 150 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; nonsmoker; M | 0,002 g/Kg bw | Single | 0,77±0,77 | 3,3±0,19 (SEM) | 4,6 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | beverage | pure compound | 12 | Healthy; M; Age= 24.33 y | 200 mg | Single | 1,21 | 4,12±0,96 (SD) | 681 | (0-4h) | 4,69 | Publications | |||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 200 mg tablets | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; F | 183 mg | Multiple | 7 days (one daily dose for 5 days) | 0,72 | 6,35 | 38,7 | (0-24h) | 4,8 | Publications | ||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 70 mL of acqueous solution | pure compound | 4 | Healthy;M; Age= 26-36 y | 700 mg | Single | 6815 | (0-24h) | 5,2 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | acqueous solution | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; F; Age= 36 y ; Follicular phase | 250 mg | Single | 4522 | (0-24h) | 5,3 | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | acqueous solution | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; F; Age= 36 y ; Luteal phase | 250 mg | Single | 5178 | 5,4 | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | two 200 mg capsules | pure compound | 16 | Healthy; 13 M; 3 F; Age= 25 ± 1 y | 400 mg | Single | 3,50±0,4 (SEM) | 2,1±0,3 (SEM) | 5,8 | (0-5h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 150 mg | Multiple | 3 doses (4 hours after the first dose) | 4,38±0,954 (SD) | 2609±1,48 (SD) | 4662 | (0-2h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 100 mg | Multiple | 2 doses (2 hours after the first dose) | 2,75±0,512 (SD) | 2,12±1,4 (SD) | 3491 | (0-2h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 300 mg | Multiple | 3 doses (4 hours after the first dose) | 4,84±0,54 (SD) | 3460±1271 (SD) | 5726 | (0-2h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | dissolved in 200 mL water | pure compound | 8 | Healthy; M; Age= 71.2 ±3.9 y; Caucasian | 345.7±56.5 mg | Single | 1,00 | 8,5 | 3683,2 | (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | dissolved in 200 mL water | pure compound | 8 | Healthy; M; Age= 20.5 ±2.0 y; Caucasian | 367.3±32.3 mg | Single | 1,00 | 8,2 | 3738,5 | (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 2 tablets | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; 7 M; 3 F; Age= 35±6 y | 200 mg | Single | 259 | (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | dissolved in 200 mL grapefruit juice | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; M; Age= 28.0 ± 4.4 y | 0,0033 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,50 | 6,2 | 50,09 | (0-inf) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsule | pure compound | 12 | 200 mg | Single | 2,00±1 (SD) | 4,13±1,92 (SD) | 33,5 | (0-inf) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | Stay Alert®chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 200 mg | Single | 1,34±1,6 (SD) | 3,7±1,49 (SD) | 26,2 | (0-inf) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | dissolved in 200 mL water | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; M; Age= 28.0 ± 4.4 y | 0,0033 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,50 | 5 | 44,21 | (0-inf) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsule | pure compound | 12 | 50 mg | Single | 1,42±0,9 (SD) | 1,17±0,98 (SD) | 9,63 | (0-inf) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | with multiple doses of grapefruit juice (during caffeine consumption) | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M | 0,0033 g/Kg bw | Single | 1,50 | 5,7 | 50,47 | (0-inf) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | capsule | pure compound | 12 | 100 mg | Single | 1,56±0,76 (SD) | 1,84±0,7 (SD) | 14,7 | (0-inf) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | Stay Alert®chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 100 mg | Single | 1,25±0,77 (SD) | 1,2±0,51 (SD) | 10,9 | (0-inf) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Serum | Unchanged | 60 mg of synthetic caffeine in water | pure compound | 16 | Healthy; M | 60 mg | Single | 0,63 | 2,09±1,49 (SD) | 6,99 | (0-4h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | Stay Alert®chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 50 mg | Single | 0,73±0,5 (SD) | 0,7±0,35 (SD) | 6,16 | (0-inf) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 600 mg | Multiple | 3 doses (4 hours after the first dose) | 5,13±1,3 (SD) | 6,24±3 (SD) | 9,29 | (0-2h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 400 mg | Multiple | 2 doses (2 hours after the first dose) | 2,77±0,45 (SD) | 4,37±2,42 (SD) | 6,45 | (0-2h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 200 mg | Single | 1,03±0,49 (SD) | 2,14±0,82 (SD) | 3,11 | (0-2h) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 200 mg | Multiple | 2 doses (2 hours after the first dose) | 2,78±0,489 (SD) | 2717±0,935 (SD) | 4217 | (0-2h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 50 mg | Single | 0,68±0,297 (SD) | 1219±0,698 (SD) | 1887 | (0-2h) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | caffeine as Stay Alert® chewing gum | pure compound | 12 | 100 mg | Single | 0,94±0,438 (SD) | 1245±0,448 (SD) | 1925 | (0-2h) | Publications | |||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | tablets of supplement containing time-release caffeine | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; M; Age= 25.9±3.2 y | 388 mg | Single | 6,00 | 2 | 650 | (0-8h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | tablets of regular caffeine supplement | pure compound | 10 | Healthy; M; Age= 25.9±3.2 y | 388 mg | Single | 3,00 | 2,5 | 800 | (0-8h) | Publications | ||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | tablet | pure compound | 30 | Healthy; M; Age= 24.± 4.7 y ; European (15); South Asian (15); BMI= 26.9±3 kg/m² | 100 mg | Single | 1,00 | 1,8 | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Host metabolism | 2 capsules 185 mg each + 360 mL water | pure compound | 7 | Healthy; 3 M; 4 F; Age= 35 y | 370 mg | Single | 0,50 | 2,05±(1.11-2.98) (CI) | Publications | ||||||||
| Caffeine | Caffeine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 2 capsules 36 mg each + 360 mL water | pure compound | 7 | Healthy; 3 M; 4 F; Age= 35 y | 72 mg | Single | 0,50 | 1,93±(1.10-2.76) (CI) | Publications |