Intervention Studies for the metabolite Theobromine with food phytochemical Theobromine
| Food Phytochemical | Metabolite | Species | Biofluids | Origin | Dietary Source Description | Dietary Source Classification | Total Number of Subjects | Description of Population | Ingested Amount | Single/Multiple Dose | Duration of the Study | Tmax (h) | Cmax (nM) | AUC (nM/h) | Time covered by AUC (h) | t 1/2 (h) | % of 24h Urinary Excretion | Excreted Amount & Time Interval | Publications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 40 g of black chocolate | food | 8 | Healthy; M; Age= 40±15 y; BMI= 23.94±2.35kg/m² | 405 mg | Single | 2,25±0,88 (SD) | 6,365±0,894 (SD) | 74 | (0-8h) | 6,69±1,41 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 80 g of black chocolate | food | 8 | Healthy; M; Age= 40±15 y; BMI= 23.94±2.35kg/m² | 810 mg | Single | 3,25±0,45 (SD) | 11,414±1,19 (SD) | 159 | (0-8h) | 8,15±1,66 (SD) | Publications | |||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 82 g chocolate candy | food | 7 | Healthy; 3 M; 4 F; Age= 35 y | 442 mg | Single | 2,00 | 8,05±(5.64–10.45) (CI) | Publications | ||||||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 25 g of cocoa dissolved in 200 mL semi-skimmed milk | food | 13 | Healthy; 3 M; 10 F; Age= 29.6 ± 4.2 y; BMI 22.9 ± 0.6 kg/m² | 256 mg | Single | 2,20±1,1 (SD) | 51,9±13 (SD) | 262,2 | (0-8h) | Publications | ||||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 15 g of cocoa dissolved in 200 mL semi-skimmed milk | food | 13 | Healthy; 3 M; 10 F; Age= 29.6 ± 4.2 y; BMI 22.9 ± 0.6 kg/m² | 94,35 mg | Single | 1,90±1 (SD) | 15,8±3,3 (SD) | 88,8 | (0-8h) | Publications | ||||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 3.5 g green–roasted coffee beverage (250 mL) | food | 12 | Healthy; 7 M; 5 F; Age= 28.3 ± 0.7 y; BMI 22.9 ± 0.7 kg/m² | 70,809 mg | Single | 7,08±2,43 (SD) | 0,51±0,08 (SD) | 4,56 | (0-12h) | Publications | ||||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma; Urine | Unchanged | solution of distilled water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M; Age= 22-28 y | 0,01 g/Kg bw | Single | 117,6 | (0-inf) | 9,28±0,7 (SEM) | 18,20±2,1 (SEM) | Publications | ||||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | gelatin capsules + 150 mL water | pure compound | 6 | Healthy; M; Age= 19-21 y | 250 mg | Single | 7,2±1,6 (SD) | Publications | |||||||||
| Theobromine | Theobromine | Human | Plasma | Unchanged | 2 capsules 185 mg each + 360 mL water | pure compound | 7 | Healthy; 3 M; 4 F; Age= 35 y | 370 mg | Single | 2,50 | 6,72±(4.76–8.68) (CI) | Publications |