Intervention Studies for the metabolite 4-hydroxy-5-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid-3'-sulfate with food phytochemical Cocoa Flavan-3-ols
| Food Phytochemical | Metabolite | Species | Biofluids | Origin | Dietary Source Description | Dietary Source Classification | Total Number of Subjects | Description of Population | Ingested Amount | Single/Multiple Dose | Duration of the Study | Tmax (h) | Cmax (nM) | AUC (nM/h) | Time covered by AUC (h) | t 1/2 (h) | % of 24h Urinary Excretion | Excreted Amount & Time Interval | Publications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cocoa Flavan-3-ols | 4-hydroxy-5-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid-3'-sulfate | Human | Plasma; Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 25 g of flavanol-rich cocoa + 200 mL of milk | Food | 13 | Healthy; 3 M; 10 F; Age M=26.67±3.21 y; BMI M=22.47±2.97 kg/m2. Age F=32.60±9.85 y. BMI F=23.36±3.73 kg/m2 | 235.1 µmol | Single | 6,3±1,8 (SD) | 0,037±0,008 (SD) | 0,167 | (0-8h) | 4,030625266 | 9.476±2,287 µmol (SD) ((0-24h)) | Publications | ||||
| Cocoa Flavan-3-ols | 4-hydroxy-5-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid-3'-sulfate | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 15 g of cocoa + 200 mL of milk | Food | 13 | Healthy; 3 M; 10 F; Age M=26.67±3.21 y; BMI M=22.47±2.97 kg/m2. Age F=32.60±9.85 y. BMI F=23.36±3.73 kg/m2 | 68.2 µmol | Single | 3,438416422 | 2.345±0,83 µmol (SD) ((0-24h)) | Publications |