Intervention Studies for the metabolite p-Hydroxybenzoic acid with food phytochemical Orange flavanones
| Food Phytochemical | Metabolite | Species | Biofluids | Origin | Dietary Source Description | Dietary Source Classification | Total Number of Subjects | Description of Population | Ingested Amount | Single/Multiple Dose | Duration of the Study | Tmax (h) | Cmax (nM) | AUC (nM/h) | Time covered by AUC (h) | t 1/2 (h) | % of 24h Urinary Excretion | Excreted Amount & Time Interval | Publications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 250 ml pulp enriched orange juice | food | 4 | Healthy; Age=23-60;BMI=23.9- 37.2 kg/m² | 537 µmol flavanones [naringenin-7-O-rutinoside (114 µmol), hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside (329 µmol), didymin(19 µmol), naringenin-7-O-rutinoside-4'-O-glucoside (51 µmol); hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside-3'-Oglucoside (19 µmol), eriodictyol-7-O-rutinoside (5 µmol)] | Single | 24h | 0.67 | 3.6 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | |||||||
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 500 ml of orange juice | food | 12 | Healthy; M; Age=31.8±5.7; BMI=21.7±1.8kg/m² | 250µmol of hesperetin derivatives and 75µmol of naringenin derivatives | Single | 24h | Publications | |||||||||
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 0.7 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside and 150mL of natural yoghurt | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 0.2 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 0.7±0,4 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside and 150mL of natural yoghurt | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 0.2±0,2 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 500 ml of orange juice | food | 12 | Healthy; M; Age=31.8±5.7; BMI=21.7±1.8kg/m² | 250µmol of hesperetin derivatives and 75µmol of naringenin derivatives | Single | 24h | Publications | |||||||||
| Orange flavanones | p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 250 ml pulp enriched orange juice | food | 4 | Healthy; Age=23-60;BMI=23.9- 37.2 kg/m² | 537 µmol flavanones [naringenin-7-O-rutinoside (114 µmol), hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside (329 µmol), didymin(19 µmol), naringenin-7-O-rutinoside-4'-O-glucoside (51 µmol); hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside-3'-Oglucoside (19 µmol), eriodictyol-7-O-rutinoside (5 µmol)] | Single | 24h | 0,67 | 3.6±0,4 µmol (0-24h) | Publications |