Intervention Studies for the metabolite 4-Hydroxymandelic acid with food phytochemical Orange flavanones
| Food Phytochemical | Metabolite | Species | Biofluids | Origin | Dietary Source Description | Dietary Source Classification | Total Number of Subjects | Description of Population | Ingested Amount | Single/Multiple Dose | Duration of the Study | Tmax (h) | Cmax (nM) | AUC (nM/h) | Time covered by AUC (h) | t 1/2 (h) | % of 24h Urinary Excretion | Excreted Amount & Time Interval | Publications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orange flavanones | 4-Hydroxymandelic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 557 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance-trained; M; BMI= 21.7 ± 0.6 kg/m²; performed 5-10 h endurance training per week | 330 µmol flavanones | Single | 0.4 (SEM) | 1.8±0.1 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | 4-Hydroxymandelic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 558 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance-trained; M; BMI= 21.7 ± 0.6 kg/m²; stoping training for 7 days | 330 µmol flavanones | Single | 0.60 (SEM) | 2.4±0.02 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | 4-Hydroxymandelic acid | Human | Plasma; Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 500 ml of orange juice | food | 12 | Healthy; M; Age=31.8±5.7; BMI=21.7±1.8kg/m² | 250µmol of hesperetin derivatives and 75µmol of naringenin derivatives | Single | 24h | Publications | |||||||||
| Orange flavanones | 4-Hydroxymandelic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 557 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance-trained; M; BMI= 21.7 ± 0.6 kg/m²; performed 5-10 h endurance training per week | 330 µmol flavanones | Single | 0.4±0.1 (SEM) | 1.8±0.6 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | 4-Hydroxymandelic acid | Human | Urine | Gut microbiota metabolite | 558 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance-trained; M; BMI= 21.7 ± 0.6 kg/m²; stoping training for 7 days | 330 µmol flavanones | Single | 0.60±0.02 (SEM) | 2.4±0.1 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications |