Intervention Studies for the metabolite Hippuric acid with food phytochemical Orange flavanones
| Food Phytochemical | Metabolite | Species | Biofluids | Origin | Dietary Source Description | Dietary Source Classification | Total Number of Subjects | Description of Population | Ingested Amount | Single/Multiple Dose | Duration of the Study | Tmax (h) | Cmax (nM) | AUC (nM/h) | Time covered by AUC (h) | t 1/2 (h) | % of 24h Urinary Excretion | Excreted Amount & Time Interval | Publications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 500 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance trained; M; Age= 31.8 ± 5.7; BMI= 21.7 ± 1.8 kg/m2 | 330 μmol flavanones µmol | Single | 6.8±0.4 (SEM) | 85±5 (SEM) | 360 | 0-8 h | Publications | ||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 554 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance-trained; M; BMI= 21.7 ± 0.6 kg/m²; stoping training for 7 days | 330 µmol flavanones | Single | 8.8 (SEM) | 35.1±2.7 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 500 mL orange Juice: Citrus sinensis | food | 9 | Healthy;2M; 7F; Age= 21 -25; BMI= 21.1 ± 2.4 kg/m² | 502.7± 20.7 µmol flavanones | Single | 4.4±0.9 (SEM) | 3160±537 (SEM) | 11787 | 0-8 h | Publications | ||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 500 ml fermented orange Juice | food | 9 | Healthy;2M; 7F; Age= 21 -25; BMI= 21.1 ± 2.4 kg/m² | 667.2±31.6 µmol flavanones | Single | 4.9±0.2 (SEM) | 3599±514 (SEM) | 15701 | 0-8 h | Publications | ||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 400 g orange fruit | food | 11 | Healthy; Age= 28; BMI= 23.2±1.8kg/m² | 1477 µmol | Single | 24 hours | 2406 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 719 g pasteurized orange juice | food | 11 | Healthy; Age= 28; BMI= 23.2±1.8kg/m² | 636 µmol | Single | 24 hours | 2844 µmol (SEM) (24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 250 ml pulp enriched orange juice | food | 11 | Healthy; Age=23-60;BMI=23.9- 37.2 kg/m² | 537 µmol flavanones [naringenin-7-O-rutinoside (114 µmol), hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside (329 µmol), didymin(19 µmol), naringenin-7-O-rutinoside-4'-O-glucoside (51 µmol); hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside-3'-Oglucoside (19 µmol), eriodictyol-7-O-rutinoside (5 µmol)] | Single | 24h | 113 | 610 µmol (24h) | Publications | |||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma; Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 500 ml of orange juice | food | 12 | Healthy; M; Age=31.8±5.7; BMI=21.7±1.8kg/m² | 250µmol of hesperetin derivatives and 75µmol of naringenin derivatives | Single | 24h | Publications | |||||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 86.11 | 155 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | |||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside and 150mL of natural yoghurt | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 21.88 | 39.4 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | |||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 500 mL orange Juice: Citrus sinensis | food | 9 | Healthy;2M; 7F; Age= 21 -25; BMI= 21.1 ± 2.4 kg/m² | 502.7± 20.7 µmol flavanones | Single | 4.4±0.9 (SEM) | 3160±537 (SEM) | 11787 | 0-8 h | Publications | ||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 500 ml fermented orange Juice | food | 9 | Healthy;2M; 7F; Age= 21 -25; BMI= 21.1 ± 2.4 kg/m² | 667.2±31.6 µmol flavanones | Single | 4.9±0.2 (SEM) | 3599±514 (SEM) | 15701 | 0-8 h | Publications | ||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 500 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance trained; M; Age= 31.8 ± 5.7; BMI= 21.7 ± 1.8 kg/m2 | 330 μmol flavanones µmol | Single | 6.8±0.4 (SEM) | 85±5 (SEM) | 360 | 0-8 h | Publications | ||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 86,11 | 155±53 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | |||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 250 ml of orange juice enriched with 131µmol of hesperetin-7-rutinoside and 150mL of natural yoghurt | food | 5 | Healthy;Age=21-50; BMI=19.9-27.2kg/m² | 168µmol of hesperetin-7-o-rutinoside and 12µmol of naringenin-7-o-rutinoside | Single | 24h | 21,88 | 39.4±15,2 µmol (0-24h) | Publications | |||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 250 ml pulp enriched orange juice | food | 11 | Healthy; Age=23-60;BMI=23.9- 37.2 kg/m² | 537 µmol flavanones [naringenin-7-O-rutinoside (114 µmol), hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside (329 µmol), didymin(19 µmol), naringenin-7-O-rutinoside-4'-O-glucoside (51 µmol); hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside-3'-Oglucoside (19 µmol), eriodictyol-7-O-rutinoside (5 µmol)] | Single | 24h | 113 | 610±48 µmol (24h) | Publications | |||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Urine | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 554 mL Orange juice (Tropicana with bits) | food | 10 | Endurance-trained; M; BMI= 21.7 ± 0.6 kg/m²; stoping training for 7 days | 330 µmol flavanones | Single | 8.8±2.7 (SEM) | 35.1±11 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 400 g orange fruit | food | 11 | Healthy; Age= 28; BMI= 23.2±1.8kg/m² | 1477 µmol | Single | 24 hours | 2406±267 µmol (SEM) (0-24h) | Publications | ||||||||
| Orange flavanones | Hippuric acid | Human | Plasma | Host-gut microbiota co-metabolite | 719 g pasteurized orange juice | food | 11 | Healthy; Age= 28; BMI= 23.2±1.8kg/m² | 636 µmol | Single | 24 hours | 2844±468 µmol (SEM) (24h) | Publications |